Is your Brother Printer light flashing and you don’t know why or how to fix it? No need to worry, this article is written to address this issue extensively.
Table of Contents
Brother Printer LED Indications [Meaning]
The lights flashing on your Brother Printer are technically known as LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes). The two main LEDs are the Error LED which is orange in color and the Ready LED which is green in color.
We will be looking at Brother Printer LED indications as well as their meanings below:
1. Turned Off Error LED and Dimmed Ready LED Meaning
i. Sleep
Your Brother printer has gone into Sleep Mode. In this mode, data can still be received; hence, when you send a document for printing, the Brother printer will come on and begin printing.
ii. Deep Sleep
In this case, the printer has gone into Deep Sleep Mode. This mode allows your Brother machine to use less power than when in Sleep Mode. In this mode, data can still be received; hence, when you send a document for printing, the Brother printer will come on and begin printing.
2. Turned Off Error LED and Turned On Ready LED Meaning
i. Ready
This means that the printer is ready to start printing. Therefore, you can print any document sent.
ii. Printing
When your Brother Printer has the above-LED indications, it means it is printing.
3. Turned off Error LED and 1 second or 1.5 seconds Interval Blinking Ready LED Meaning
i. Please Wait
If your Brother Printer ready light is flashing in this manner, then it could mean that your printer is getting warmed up to start working.
ii. Cooling Down
This LED indication could also mean that the Brother Printer has become very hot. Hence, the printer will pause all print jobs and enter Cooling Down Mode. You don’t have to do anything but wait until it goes back to Ready Mode.
iii. Receiving Data
Your printer is receiving data sent from your computer or the printer memory could be processing data.
iv. Data Remaining
Your Brother Printer might have this LED indication because the memory of your printer still has some print data remaining.
If the light keeps blinking for long without any printing, you can stop the blinking by pressing the power button of your Brother Printer. This action will cause the printer to print the data that is left in its memory.
4. 1.5 seconds Interval Blinking Error LED and Turned on Ready LED Meaning
i. The Toner is Low
The Brother Printer toner light flashing, in this case, indicates that your toner cartridge needs replacement very soon. Hence, you need to purchase a toner cartridge which you have to keep ready for replacement immediately your printer asks that you “Replace Toner”.
Hack: If your print jobs are becoming faint, it means the toner in the cartridge isn’t evenly spread. Simply take out the toner cartridge and drum unit assembly and shake it from one side to the other. Ensure that the assembly remains level while you do this.
ii. Replace the Toner (Continue Mode)
If the toner light is flashing on Brother Printer, then it could also indicate that the toner needs to be replaced. You can ignore it and keep printing, but the printing will stop once you are completely out of toner which your Brother Printer will indicate as “Toner Ended”.
Brother Printer flashing yellow light indicates low toner or “replace toner” on some Brother Printer models. On the other hand, Brother laser printer red light flashing indicates low toner or “replace toner” on other models. Hence, the red light flashing issue on Brother 1110 and Brother 1210w printers will be fixed with the solutions in this section.
5. 1.5 seconds Interval Blinking Error LED and Turned off Ready LED Meaning
i. Replace the Toner (Stop Mode)
Brother Printer error light flashing, in this case, indicates that the printer’s toner needs to be replaced. The printer will not work if this is not done.
Therefore, you need to replace your Brother Printer’s toner cartridge to stop the error light flashing on Brother Printer. Read this article to find out how to do so.
ii. Toner Ended
If your Brother laser printer error light is flashing, then it might be because the toner in the cartridge is completely exhausted. Once this happens, you will get the “Toner Ended” message.
Therefore, you need to replace your Brother Printer’s toner cartridge to fix this.
iii. No Toner
If there is no toner or the cartridge wasn’t installed properly into the printer, this might cause the Error LED to keep blinking.
Therefore, you need to properly install your toner cartridge as well as the drum unit.
Brother Printer hl 1210w flashing light error could be caused by these issues we just mentioned.
6. Error LED Blinks 4 times before Turning off for just 1 second and Turned off Ready LED Meaning
i. Cartridge Error
If the toner cartridge and the drum unit assembly are not properly installed, it could lead to this error.
To fix this, you need to reinstall both components properly into your Brother Printer.
ii. Opened Printer’s Cover
If your Brother Printer’s top cover is opened, you will have this LED indication. To fix it if this is the cause, simply close the cover.
iii. Out of Memory
A full printer memory will prevent it from printing a document’s full page. To fix this, we recommend you read this article.
These reasons could be the cause of Brother laser printer hl-2140 error light flashing.
7. Error LED Blinks 3 times before Turning off for just 1 second and Turned off Ready LED Meaning
i. Dirty Drum
In this case, the drum unit or the corona wire within the drum unit might be dirty. Therefore, you have to clean the drum and the corona wire to fix this issue. You can find out how to do this here.
ii. No Drum
This could mean that the toner cartridge was installed without installing the drum. It could also mean that both components weren’t installed correctly. Hence, you will have to confirm that both components are correctly installed.
Any of these could be responsible for Brother Printer hl 2240 error light flashing.
8. Error LED Blinks 2 times before Turning off for just 1 second and Turned off Ready LED Meaning
i. Jam Tray
There is a paper jam in the print tray. Therefore, you need to remove the “Jam Tray” error. This article will guide you on how to remove the paper jam.
After doing that, if the printer doesn’t begin to print, press the power button.
ii. Jam Inside 1/ Jam Inside 2/ Jam Inside 3
Different types of paper jams could happen inside the printer. However, you can also fix the errors by removing the paper jam.
After doing that, if the printer doesn’t begin to print, press the power button.
iii. Incorrect Paper Type
If you use a paper type and size that isn’t right for printing, you will encounter this error. Therefore, to avoid this, always put the correct paper size into your Brother Printer such as Letter size or A4 paper.
iv. No Paper
Once your Brother Printer paper tray runs out of paper, this issue will come up. All you need to do is to feed paper into your printer’s paper tray. You can read this article to learn how to load paper on your Brother Printer paper tray.
Any of the above could be the reason for Brother Printer hl-2270dw error light flashing.
9. Error and Ready LEDs Alternately Light Up Meaning
i. Job Cancel
It indicates that a print job is being canceled by the printer. This happens when you carry out the action of canceling a print job that is on the print queue which you sent initially.
10. Error and Ready LEDs are blinking Meaning
i. Service Call
This LED indication is one error you cannot fix effectively without professional support. However, you can try to fix it by turning it off and then turning on your printer before trying to print.
If that doesn’t work, then, press the power button to reveal the type of error as listed below before you contact Brother for help:
Main PCB Failure: Ready LED blinks either 7 or 4 times.
Main Motor Failure: Ready LED blinks 6 times.
Laser Unit Failure: Ready LED blinks 5 times.
Fuser Unit Failure: Ready LED blinks 3 times.
High Voltage Failure: Ready LED blinks 2 times
Zero Cross Error: Ready LED blinks just once.
How to Fix Brother Printer All Lights Flashing Error
All the Lights on your Brother Printer are flashing because there is a Service Call Error. It is usually the result of a damaged or malfunctioned hardware component.
How to Fix All Lights Flashing on Brother Printer Error
You can fix all lights flashing on Brother Printer error by doing the following:
i. Turn off your printer by pressing down its power button. After that, wait for 15 seconds before turning it on again. After it is on, just leave it be for about 15 minutes.
ii. Confirm that the power cord of the printer is properly connected to your electric outlet and that the cord is well connected to the printer’s back.
- If you connect the cord to a power inverter, power strip, surge protector, or any of such power supply devices, do the next step.
- If you connect the cord to a regular electric outlet skip to step iv.
iii. Switch off the power supply to your Brother Printer by having the power cord disconnected from the device that supplies power like the ones mentioned above. Then plug the cord into an electric outlet. After this, switch on the power to your printer.
Note: Although it is recommended that your printer is connected to a surge protector to guard your printer against all kinds of power surges. However, you need to disconnect your power cord from such devices to help you determine what the specific problem is.
iv. Confirm that the space around your Brother printer is free and that the printer’s fan vent is not blocked by anything.
v. Carry out a Factory Reset.
How to Carry Out a Factory Reset on Brother Printer
To carry out a factory reset on your Brother printer, do the following:
i. Hold down your Brother Printer’s power button to turn it off.
ii. Ensure that you close the printer’s front cover and that you plug in the printer’s power cord.
iii. Now, press down the button labeled “GO” while you also press down the printer’s power button. After the printer comes on, still press down the button labeled “GO”.
iv. Once the Paper, Toner, and Drum LEDs come on, let go of the button labeled “GO”. This action will cause the LEDs to go off.
v. Press the button labeled “GO” 8 times. Every time the button is pressed, the Ready LED ought to flash. After that, all the printer’s LEDs will become lit as an indication that the printer just got reset.
vi. After about 2 seconds, your Brother machine will restart. The issue should also be fixed.
If the issue is fixed, move to the next step.
If the issue is not fixed, then you need to find a Brother Authorized Service Center (ASC) within your locality if your printer is still within warranty to help you out. Also, if your printer is out of warranty, you can still go to an ASC. You might have to pay for repairs though in this case.
vi. Quickly the button labeled “GO” 3 times to print out the Printer Settings.
If the issue doesn’t pop up again and you were able to print the Settings, then the error has been fixed.
If the issue returns, then you need to find a Brother Authorized Service Center (ASC) within your locality if your printer is still within warranty to help you out. Also, if your printer is out of warranty, contacting an ASC is still the solution. However, you might have to pay for repairs though in this case.
To read more awesome articles, click any of the links below…
Brother Printer Drum Error [Solved]
How to Make My Brother Printer Print Faster [Quick Guide]
Brother Printer Is So Slow [Reasons and Solutions]
Brother Printer Yellow Ink Problems [Solved]
Brother Printer Manual Feed [Guide; Issues & Solutions]
Why Is My Brother Printer Orange Light Flashing? [Reasons & Solutions]
Your Brother Printer orange light is flashing because of a toner-related error such as no toner, low toner, improper toner installation, and “replace toner”.
The Brother laser printer flashing orange light issue is the same as Error LED flashing which we have discussed above. Hence, you can use those solutions to fix this error.
Therefore, if you have this orange light flashing issue on your Brother Printer hl 1110 or Brother 1210w, then you can fix these issues with the solutions we shared earlier.
Brother Printer Drum and Error Light Flashing [Reasons & Solutions]
The Brother Printer Drum and Error light flashing problem could occur after you installed a new drum unit and printed some documents. Or it could be after you replaced the drum unit and didn’t print any document with it.
Hence, we will look at both cases below and how to fix them.
Brother Printer Drum and Error Light Flashing before Replacing Drum [Reasons & Solutions]
The following are the reasons your Brother Printer Drum and Error light are flashing before you replace the drum:
i. The drum’s corona wire is dirty and needs cleaning.
ii. The drum requires replacing.
Therefore, to fix this, you need to clean the corona wire. You can use the link we shared earlier in the article under item 7 of Brother Printer LED indications.
If cleaning the corona wire doesn’t stop the Drum and Error LEDs from flashing, then you need to replace the drum unit. Ensure that you use a genuine Brother Drum unit for the replacement.
If the problem continues, then you need to contact Brother.
Brother Printer Drum and Error Light Flashing after Replacing Drum [Quick Fix]
If your Brother Printer Drum and Error light are flashing after you replace the drum, then it means the drum unit was not reset.
Hence, you have to reset the drum unit to fix the problem.
How to Reset Brother Printer’s Drum Unit
To reset your Brother Printer’s drum unit, do the following:
i. Open your printer’s front cover.
ii. Press down the button labeled “GO” for 4 seconds; do that until your entire Printer’s LEDs are lit. Once this happens, release the button.
iii. Close the front cover of your Brother Printer.
If the lights are still flashing repeat the steps above. If they are still flashing after repeating the steps, then you need to clean the drum unit’s corona wire.
Follow the instructions in the link we shared earlier on “How to clean Brother Printer corona wire”.
If the issue is not resolved after cleaning the corona wire and reinstalling the toner and drum unit assembly, then you have to replace the drum unit.
If after replacing the unit the lights keep flashing, then you need to contact Brother.
Why Is the Drum Light Flashing On My Brother Printer? [Quick Guide]
The meaning of the flashing drum light on your Brother printer indicates that your printer’s drum unit is close to its life’s ends. This means that the unit is about to expire, therefore, you need to replace the drum unit to stop the drum light from flashing on your Brother printer.
To find out more and how to fix the drum light flashing on Brother Printer, we recommend that you read this article.
The linked article also provides solutions to the drum light flashing issue for the following Brother Printer models: Brother Printer hl-2140, Brother hl-2170w, and Brother hl-2040.
How to Fix Brother Printer Flashing Data Light Error
Your Brother Printer Data LED is flashing because there is a problem with an interface or the driver settings are incorrect.
The following Brother Printer lights flashing troubleshooting can be used to fix this problem:
1. Confirm that Connections are properly done
How to Confirm Proper Connection on your Brother USB PRinter (Local Users)
Follow the steps below to confirm cable connections if you are using a local connection:
i. Reseat the USB cable connecting your computer and your Brother Printer.
- Ensure that the USB cable is not placed into a non-USB port on your printer. This is especially for users whose printers have multiple ports. While the cable might enter the other port, it won’t function.
- We advise that you use a type A/B 1.1 USB cable or later versions; however, ensure its length is not more than 6 feet. The use of other cable arrangements could lead to communication loss.
- Avoid the use of a USB-to-Parallel cable. If that is the cable you have, then you have to replace it.
ii. Try printing again.
If it prints, it means the issue has been resolved.
If it doesn’t print, then move to the next troubleshooting step.
How to Confirm Proper Connection on your Brother Network Printer (Network Users)
Follow the steps below to confirm that connections are properly done if you are using a Network connection:
i. Disable firewalls temporarily that could prevent the completion of your printing.
ii. Do this according to your type of connection:
- Wired Connection: Connect your printer directly to your router or access point rather than a switch.
- Wireless Connection: Move your printer as close as possible to your router. Take away anything that is a form of obstruction between both devices.
iii. Try printing again.
If it prints, it means the issue has been resolved.
If it doesn’t print, then move to the next troubleshooting step.
2. Confirm that your Brother Printer’s Driver is Properly Installed
You will need to confirm that your Brother Printer’s Driver is properly installed to fix the issue. Click here to find out how to confirm your Brother Printer’s Driver installation.
After confirming that the driver is installed properly and the settings are okay, try printing again.
If it prints, it means the issue has been resolved.
If it doesn’t print, then move to the next troubleshooting step.
3. Cycle your Brother Printer’s Power for about 15 seconds to 30 seconds
To cycle your Brother Printer’s power, you need to turn it off and leave it for about 15 seconds to 30 seconds before turning it on again.
After you cycle the power, try printing again.
If it prints, it means the issue has been resolved.
If it doesn’t print, then move to the next troubleshooting step.
4. Try a Test Print Using another Application
Use another application to run a test print rather than the initial one where you noticed the printer error.
If it prints, then it means the problem is with the initial application or document. Hence, you need to contact the software vendor of the application or check the application to find out how to fix the issue.
If it doesn’t print do the following:
For Local Users
- Get another cable and then try printing again.
- You should also use another port on your computer.
- Avoid using a Parallel cable; use USB instead.
- You can also connect to another computer and print from that.
For Network Users
- This problem could be due to slow network traffic. Therefore, wait a bit before you try to print again.
- You can also try to print from a computer on a different network.
- Use a different network cable.
- Use another port on your router. If the network is the problem, then reach out to your network provider or your router manufacturer.
Why Is My Brother Printer Paper Light Flashing? [Detailed Guide]
Your Brother Printer paper light keeps flashing because of the reasons below:
i. The Manual Feed Slot Doesn’t Have Any Paper
If there is no paper in the manual feed slot, the paper light will start to flash. This isn’t a serious issue but an indication that the printer has run out of paper.
Hence, to fix this issue, simply put paper into the manual feed slot. Ensure that you align the paper properly in the slot so that it doesn’t get jammed while printing.
Furthermore, make use of the correct paper type and size. If you don’t, the paper light on your Brother Printer might continue flashing because of this mistake.
ii. There is a Paper Jam
Once there is a paper jam in any part of your printer, the device will stop printing automatically and the paper light will begin to flash. Sometimes the paper jam prevents the machine from printing at all while in some other cases, the printer stops working to prevent further damage to the internal components.
If this is the cause of the flashing paper light on your Brother Printer, then you can fix the issue by getting rid of any paper jam in your Brother Printer. We shared an article link earlier on how you can do that.
iii. The Front or Back Cover of Your Printer Is Open
The open front or back cover of your Brother Printer sends a signal to your printer that the user is still working on the device. Hence, it won’t perform any printing function until the covers are closed.
Therefore, if the paper light on your Brother Printer is flashing, you need to check the front and back covers if they are properly closed. If they are not, ensure that you close them properly. When you do this, the flashing light on the printer should stop.
v. The Drum Unit Has Dust on It
Dust on your drum unit can cause your Brother Printer paper light to start flashing. The printer does this to protect the quality of the print job because a dirty drum unit can affect the print quality by staining it.
Hence, to get your printer working again, you need to take the drum unit out of your printer and then get rid of the dust on it.
vi. No Drum Is Installed
The drum unit is necessary for printing. Therefore, the absence of this unit within your printer is bound to trigger an error. Therefore, if for any reason you didn’t install the drum unit, ensure that you do that. When you do, your printer should be back in business.
The paper light flashing issue on Brother hl 2040 and Brother hl l2300d, can be fixed using the solutions above.
Why Is the Wifi Button Flashing On My Brother Printer? [Quick Fix]
Your Brother Printer WiFi button keeps flashing because the setup for a wireless LAN connection is taking a while to complete. Hence, you need to wait a bit for it to stop.
What if the wifi light flashing on my Brother Printer doesn’t stop?
Well, if that happens, do the following:
i. You should turn off your Brother printer and then turn it back on.
ii. Then try reconnecting to the wireless network.
This should stop your Brother Printer wifi light from flashing.
Brother Label Printer Flashing Green Light [Quick Guide]
The flashing green light on your Brother Label Printer can be caused by the following:
i. The label printer is unable to feed the label out and not able to detect the black box that is on the backing tape’s right side.
There are special markings on Brother DK labels/tape rolls that allow the Brother Label printer to discover the loaded label/tape roll. When a non-genuine/non-Brother label/tape roll is used, the printer will not recognize it because of the absence of these special markings.
ii. The size of the DK label/tape roll in your Brother is not matching the software selected size.
For the machine to work, the roll size must be set according to that which is selected on the software. Once the sizes are not the same, the green light will start flashing.
You can find the DK label/tape roll’s size by the spool’s left side to help you match it with that on the software.
iii. A communication issue exists between your Brother Label printer and your computer.
This communication error could come in form of a bad cable or wireless connection. In other words, if your printer is not receiving data that is sent from the computer, it can cause the flashing green light on your Brother Label printer.
How to Fix Brother Label Printer Flashing Green Light
The following steps will guide you on how to fix the problem of your Brother Label printer flashing green light:
i. Check for an error message being displayed on your computer screen. If you find one, it could tell you why the Brother printer is flashing green light.
ii. Turn off your printer and take out the DK label/tape roll from your printer.
- Then check the printer’s compartment right side for the 5 sensors that detect the DK roll that is installed. You can identify them by looking for small black posts that are just 1/8 inches high that protrude from the inside of your Brother Label printer.
- Confirm that the sensors aren’t damaged or stuck facing down.
- Push down each sensor switches to make them spring and face up. Once you do this, all 5 sensors will have equal heights. In case they don’t or don’t spring up, then the switch is bad. You’ll need to take the machine for repair.
iii. Reinstall the DK label/tape roll.
- Carefully insert the DK label/tape roll spook along with the printer’s spool guide. You can find the spool guide on the printer’s compartment right side.
- Make sure that the labels/tape’s strip isn’t stuck under the right positioned spool. The spool’s bottom must contact the switches at the compartment’s right side directly.
- Make sure that the DK label/tape roll sets securely in the printer’s compartment.
- Turn the DK label/tape roll on the exact spool that is near the machine’s back. Ensure that it rotates freely.
- After that, take the roll’s end and thread it into the right slot. Do this until the roll’s edge is visible at the printer’s front.
- Then push the release lever down before closing the cover.
iv. Press the button labeled “FEED”. When you do this, the light should be green.
If the printer feeds an installed Die-cut label/tape roll backward once your press “FEED”, then it is okay provided the LED is green but not flashing.
However, if it is flashing green light, then you need to turn your Brother Label printer off and then reinstall the roll again.
The spool’s right side tab should be able to slide freely between the right side guides’ opening. Make sure the tape backing faces up; you can identify the tape backing by the Brother logo on it. The label/tape should face down.
Then thread the roll as explained earlier. If you can’t thread it till it gets to the printer’s front, then a label might be jammed inside. You can remove it by using a thick card to push out the jam from the roll compartment to your Brother Label printer’s front area.
If after doing this the green light keeps flashing after “FEED” has been pressed, then you need to take the machine for service and repair.
v. To confirm that you are using the right label size, open the P-touch Editor Software on your computer. Then click the button or icon for “Check Media” and try to print a label.
vi. If the green light is flashing or a communication error message is displayed as you try printing a label, then do the following:
- Make sure that the DK label/tape roll size installed into your label printer matches that selected in the software.
- Ensure that your USB cable’s connection is properly secured.
- Avoid connecting your USB cable to a hub; instead, connect it to your computer directly.
- Connect the USB to a different USB port on your computer.
- Try using a different USB cable.
- Uninstall and reinstall your printer driver.
- Connect the printer to a different computer.
If the issue is not resolved after all of the above, then you need to take your printer for service. Simply find a Brother Authorized Service Center that will help you with either replacement if you are within your warranty or a repair if you are out of your warranty. For the latter, you will have to pay for repairs.
Brother Label Printer Red Light Flashing [Quick Guide]
The Brother Printer red light flashing error can be caused by the following:
i. The label printer is unable to feed the label out and it cannot detect a “cutter” error or cassette tape.
This issue could be that the cassette tape is empty or the tape is not well fed through the machine. Furthermore, the use of non-genuine Brother Cassette tape can also prevent the printer from feeding out the label.
ii. The size of the cassette tape installed in your Brother Label printer is not matching that in the software.
For the machine to work, the cassette size must be set according to that which is selected on the software. Once the sizes are not the same, the red light will start flashing once you click “Print”. The LED indicator is initially green but becomes a flashing red once “Print” is pressed.
iii. Communication error exists between your label printer and your computer.
This communication error could come in form of a bad cable or wireless connection. In other words, if your printer is not receiving data that is sent from the computer, it can cause the red light on your Brother Label printer to keep flashing.
How to Fix Brother Printer Flashing Red Error Light – Brother Printer Light Flashing
The following steps will guide you on how to fix the problem of Brother Label printer red light flashing:
i. Check for an error message being displayed on your computer screen. If you find one, it could tell you why the Brother printer is flashing red light.
ii. Turn off your printer; remove your USB cable from your printer before turning the printer on.
- This action should cause the power LED to turn green.
- If it doesn’t, turn the printer off again, then check for jammed tape in the place where the cassette tape goes out from your Brother Label printer and remove any if found.
- Turn the printer back on. If the red light keeps flashing, then your Brother Printer needs to be serviced.
iii. Press the button labeled “FEED/CUT”; the LED should still be green. This will allow you to confirm the printer doesn’t have any mechanical issues.
If the LED flashes red, then:
- Inspect the cassette tape to make sure that it doesn’t have any vertical black lines. If it has any, then you need to replace the tape because it is now empty.
- Make sure that the Label Printer is able to feed as well as cut the cassette tape when the button labeled “FEED/CUT” is pressed. In case, it can’t perform these functions, then you need to service the printer.
iv. Turn the Editor Lite Mode on, and then get a USB cable connected to your printer.
v. Launch the built-in Editor Lite software; make sure that the size of the cassette tape installed in your printer is the same as the software selected size.
- To confirm that you are using the right size, open Editor Software on your computer. Then click the button or icon for “Check Media” and try to print a label.
This action will test if the sensors of the printers are functional.
In case the size of the tape installed in your Brother printer isn’t the same as the software selected size, the LED will flash once you click “Print”.
If the sizes are the same, and the LED starts flashing red after being green or the “Communication Error” message is displayed when you try printing, then do the following:
- Make sure that your USB cable’s connection is properly secured.
- Avoid connecting your USB cable to a hub; instead, connect it to your computer directly.
- Connect the USB to a different USB port on your computer.
- Try using a different USB cable.
- Uninstall and reinstall your printer driver.
- Connect the label printer to a different computer.
If the issue is not resolved after all of the above, then you need to take your printer for service. Simply locate a Brother Authorized Service Center to help you with either replacement if you are within your warranty or a repair if you are out of your warranty. For the latter, you will have to pay for repairs.
The solution above will work for the Brother ql 570 label printer red light flashing issue.
